Spomeniks, by Bolesław Wawrzyn & Paweł Starzec

Spomeniks

by Bolesław Wawrzyn & Paweł Starzec

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Full Digital Discography

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Spomeniks and Tristes Tropiques Bundle
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1.	Jasenovac Concentration Camp 14:31	info	buy track
2.	Memorial Park Jajinci 11:28	info	buy track
3.	Sajmiste Concentration Camp 13:07	info	buy track
4.	Topovske Supe Concentration Camp 10:12	info	buy track
5.	Monument of the Revolution of the People of Moslavina 03:28	info	buy track

about

01. The Jasenovac concentration camp (often referred to as 'The Yugoslavian Auschwitz') was established in 1941 by The Independent State of Croatia and was solely operated by the governing Ustase regime. Inmates of the camp were mostly slaughtered by so-called „srbosjek” (Serbcutter) – a provisional tool made from a leather glove and an agricultural knife. Until now we are not sure how many people were killed in the camp - during the years an estimated count has varied from 30,000 to 1.4 million of victims. The most often estimation is 100 000 people, mostly Serbs. The Memorial Site was established in 1990, shortly before the first democratic election in Croatia.

02. Memorial Park Jajinci was established in 1960 and was proclaimed as a cultural monument in 1986. It is one of the biggest public parks in Belgrade, serving currently as a place designated for field trips, enjoying family time as well as huge space for children to ride bicycles or scooters. The park was built in the location of Military Shooting Ranged of the Yugoslavian Armed Forces. Every single day starting from 15 July 1941 till the end of 1943, the Nazi forces conducted executions of people brought daily from the concentration camps located in Belgrade. The estimates of people killed during that period varies from 65 to 80 thousand.

03. The Sajmiste concentration camp, known also as the Jewish camp in Zemun (Judenlager Semlin) was run by SS Einsatzgruppen units from October 1941 till July 1943. After the World War II the Yugoslavian government claimed that during those years 100 000 people had passed through the camp and half of them were killed. Currently, the Helsinki Committee for Human Rights in Serbia claims that the death toll has been exaggerated for political purposes and a real number is approx. 50 000 prisoners and 20 000 exterminated. Besides the monument and the small memorial, all buildings that were left or rebuilt after the war are still exploited. In 1948 that place was transformed into a youth workers headquarters and barracks. Currently all of the buildings left are inhibited by immigrants, most probably illegally.

04. The Topovske Supe concentration camp was established on 20 August 1941 and was operated till the end of that year. During that time from 5000 to 6500 people were inmates there and approximately 4300 of them were killed. Since the most of the victims were Jews or Romani people and they were not communist or anti-fascist fighters, the camp was neglected by the communist regime for many years because of political reasons. Till nowadays, two barracks and pieces of a wall are still existing, illegally inhibited by some immigrants. There is some kind of makeshift auto-repair parlour, which is heard on the recording, in one of the barracks. The first memorial plaque at the site was established in 2005 after the controversy regarding one of the wealthiest local businessmen who had wanted to demolish the barracks and start a construction site of a giant mall and office buildings at that place. In 2017 the plaque was stolen and once again the memorial site was forgotten. The new plaque had been placed at the site just two weeks before we came to make recordings there. Both the city authorities and Romany organizations agreed to demolishe the site; it will probably happen after August 2019.

05. Monument to the Revolution of the people of Moslavina was erected in Podgarić in 1967, by the project of Dusan Dzamonja. It is dedicated to victims of 1941 uprising in Croatia and commemorates 900 soldiers who had been buried near the monument.

credits

released July 31, 2019

Recorded by Bolesław Wawrzyn.
Photography by Paweł Starzec.
June 2019

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